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| FIRST AID |
Problem |
Why? | What to do? | Illustrations |
| Belt running to one side at a given point | |||
| Idler(s) behind a trouble point are not at right angle | Advance the end(s) of the idler(s) in the direction of belt travel. | ||
| Blocked idler(s) | Lubricate or replace idler(s). | ||
| Crooked conveyor structure | Make corrections. | ||
| Buildup of materials on idlers | Clean, and improve maintenance. |  |
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| Particular section of belt running to one side at all points | |||
| Belt not joined squarely | Refasten resp. resplice. | ||
| Bowed belt | If the textile belt is new, it might straighten out after a couple of days under full load. | ||
| Belt runs to one side for a longer distance | |||
| Idlers out of square | Readjust idlers | ||
| Off-center material feeding | Adjust chute and loading conditions. More... | ||
| Belt runs off-center around the tail pulley and in the loading area | |||
| Misaligned pulley | Align the pulley,... | ||
| Dirt build-up on pulley | ...clean the pulley, or ...install training idlers. |
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| Premature wear or abrasion of belt top cover | |||
| Scraper rubber pressed too hard on belt | Position the scraper corretly. | ||
| Material build-up on return idlers | Use cleaning device. Use (some) disc type return idlers. | ||
| High speed differential between belt and conveyed material | Reconsider chute/feeding layout. The chute should deliver the conveyed material to the belt as closely as possible to its speed and direction. |
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| Premature wear or abrasion of belt bottom cover | |||
| Dirty, frozen or misaligned idlers | Clean; improve maintenance. | ||
| Transition length too short | Check transition lengths and extend, if possible. | ||
| Slippage on drive pulley | Check pulley for correct lagging. Consider to use ceramic. | ||
| Material spillage between belt and pulley | Improve loading conditions. Install deck plate between top and bottom run. Install plows or scraper before the tail pulley. | ||
| Belt slips | |||
| Insufficient traction between belt and pulley | Increase belt wrap (contact length between belt and pulleys); improve belt cleaning. | ||
| Worn pulley lagging | Replace lagging. Consider to use ceramic. | ||
| Counterweight too light or blocked | Add counterweight or increase screw take-up tension or eliminate blocking. | ||
| Excessive elongation of belt | |||
| Tension too high. | Reduce tonnage; reduce counterweight. | ||
| Belt strength too low. | Replace by stronger belt. | ||
| High elongation carcass. | Replace by lower elongation belt, for instance with polyester warp. | ||
| Grooving, gouging of top cover | |||
| Skirt board seals are pressed against the belt | Leave enough clearance b etween seal and belt. | ||
| Skirt board seals too hard | Use proper sealing material (no old conveyor belts...). | ||
| Material impact | Improve chute design for smoother feeding; install impact idlers. |  |
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| Material trapped under seals | Install cushion idlers to hold belt up towards skirts. | ||
| Grooving, gouging of bottom cover | |||
| Sticking or frozen idlers | Free the idlers and lubricate them. Or even a broken idler? |  |
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| Material buildup | Install or improve cleaning devices, avoid spillage, improve maintenance. | ||
| Slippage | Lag drive pulley, increase tension, increase arc of contact. | ||
| Worn pulley lagging | Replace pulley lagging. | ||
| Hard and/or cracking cover | |||
| Compound too hard | Too many sulfur bridges. No repair possible. | ||
| Ageing | Sulfur bridges replaced by oxygen bridges. No repair possible. | ||
| Exposure to heat, temperature of conveyed material is too high | Use high temperature resistant belt type. | ||
| Holes or breaks in belt | |||
| Impact of material falling onto belt, or foreign body clamped between belt and pulley |
Reduce impact; use cushion idlers; use belt with impact protection system; repair the spots. (Photo) |
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| Splice failure | |||
| External damage, improper splicing work | Splice failure is most critical and needs immediate professional care. |  |
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